Communicable Diseases Part 3

Topic outline

• 

  General

  • About/License Page
  • Pre-test Quiz
• 

  Topic 1

  Introduction to HIV/AIDS

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • The HIV epidemic Page

    The HIV epidemic

  • HIV and the immune response to infection Page

    HIV and the immune response to infection

  • What is HIV? Page

    What is HIV?

  • The human immune system Page

    The human immune system

  • Lymphocytes and the immune response to infection Page

    Lymphocytes and the immune response to infection

  • Lymph nodes Page

    Lymph nodes

  • How does HIV disable the immune system? Page

    How does HIV disable the immune system?

  • HIV infects the CD4 lymphocytes Page

    HIV infects the CD4 lymphocytes

  • How does HIV damage our immune system? Page

    How does HIV damage our immune system?

  • The progression from HIV infection to AIDS Page

    The progression from HIV infection to AIDS

  • The natural course of HIV infection Page

    The natural course of HIV infection

  • Clinical staging of HIV disease and AIDS Page

    Clinical staging of HIV disease and AIDS

  • Modes of transmission of HIV Page

    Modes of transmission of HIV

  • Transmission through sexual relations Page

    Transmission through sexual relations

  • Transmission through blood contact Page

    Transmission through blood contact

  • Transmission from mother to child Page

    Transmission from mother to child

  • Myths about HIV transmission Page

    Myths about HIV transmission

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 2

  Opportunistic Infections and WHO HIV Clinical Staging

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • What are opportunistic infections? Page

    What are opportunistic infections?

  • Why are opportunistic infections common in PLHIV? Page

    Why are opportunistic infections common in PLHIV?

  • WHO HIV clinical stages in adults and adolescents Page

    WHO HIV clinical stages in adults and adolescents

  • Common opportunistic clinical manifestations in people with HIV Page

    Common opportunistic clinical manifestations in people with HIV

  • Persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (PGL) Page

    Persistent generalised lymphadenopathy (PGL)

  • Skin problems Page

    Skin problems

  • Mouth, throat and oesophagus problems Page

    Mouth, throat and oesophagus problems

  • Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) Page

    Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB)

  • HIV wasting syndrome Page

    HIV wasting syndrome

  • Opportunistic infections and provider-initiated counselling and testing Page

    Opportunistic infections and provider-initiated counselling and testing

  • Prevention of opportunistic infections Page

    Prevention of opportunistic infections

  • Criteria for starting cotrimoxazole prophylaxis by adult PLHIV Page

    Criteria for starting cotrimoxazole prophylaxis by adult PLHIV

  • Duration of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for adult PLHIV Page

    Duration of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for adult PLHIV

  • Side-effects of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis Page

    Side-effects of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis

  • Monitoring cotrimoxazole prophylaxis Page

    Monitoring cotrimoxazole prophylaxis

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 3

  Introduction to Antiretroviral Therapy

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • The difference between treatment and cure in HIV/AIDS Page

    The difference between treatment and cure in HIV/AIDS

  • The benefits of ART Page

    The benefits of ART

  • Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) Page

    Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and antiretroviral therapy (ART)

  • Groups of ARV drugs Page

    Groups of ARV drugs

  • Why is the combination of three antiretroviral drugs necessary? Page

    Why is the combination of three antiretroviral drugs necessary?

  • How are antiretroviral drugs combined? Page

    How are antiretroviral drugs combined?

  • ARV side-effects and how to manage them Page

    ARV side-effects and how to manage them

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 4

  Adherence to HIV Care and Treatment

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • What is adherence? Page

    What is adherence?

  • What is non-adherence? Page

    What is non-adherence?

  • The goal of adherence to ART Page

    The goal of adherence to ART

  • Why is drug resistance important for ART? Page

    Why is drug resistance important for ART?

  • Why do people fail to take ARV drugs correctly? Page

    Why do people fail to take ARV drugs correctly?

  • What personal, family or community factors influence adherence? Page

    What personal, family or community factors influence adherence?

  • How can healthcare providers affect patient adherence? Page

    How can healthcare providers affect patient adherence?

  • What other factors negatively affect adherence to ART? Page

    What other factors negatively affect adherence to ART?

  • Encouraging good adherence in patients on ART Page

    Encouraging good adherence in patients on ART

  • What should you do before a patient starts ART? Page

    What should you do before a patient starts ART?

  • What should you do after a patient starts ART? Page

    What should you do after a patient starts ART?

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 5

  Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • The benefits of HIV testing Page

    The benefits of HIV testing

  • The barriers to HIV testing Page

    The barriers to HIV testing

  • Modes of delivering HIV counselling and testing Page

    Modes of delivering HIV counselling and testing

  • The five steps in PITC Page

    The five steps in PITC

  • Step 1:How to recommend HIV testing Page

    Step 1:How to recommend HIV testing

  • Pre-test information and education on HIV/AIDS Page

    Pre-test information and education on HIV/AIDS

  • How to assure confidentiality Page

    How to assure confidentiality

  • How to obtain informed consent Page

    How to obtain informed consent

  • Step 3:Obtaining a specimen for HIV testing Page

    Step 3:Obtaining a specimen for HIV testing

  • Step 4:How to perform a rapid HIV test Page

    Step 4:How to perform a rapid HIV test

  • Performing an HIV test using the KHB rapid test kit Page

    Performing an HIV test using the KHB rapid test kit

  • Performing an HIV test using the STAT-PAK rapid test kit Page

    Performing an HIV test using the STAT-PAK rapid test kit

  • Performing an HIV test using the Uni-gold rapid test kit Page

    Performing an HIV test using the Uni-gold rapid test kit

  • Step 5:Delivering an HIV test result, post-test counselling, and referral for treatment Page

    Step 5:Delivering an HIV test result, post-test counselling, and referral for treatment

  • Delivering the result and post-test counselling when the result is HIV-positive Page

    Delivering the result and post-test counselling when the result is HIV-positive

  • Delivering the result and post-test counselling for HIV-negative people Page

    Delivering the result and post-test counselling for HIV-negative people

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 6

  Prevention of HIV Infection, and Community Mobilisation

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • General principles for preventing HIV infection Page

    General principles for preventing HIV infection

  • Strategies for preventing sexual transmission of HIV Page

    Strategies for preventing sexual transmission of HIV

  • Strategies to prevent HIV transmission from contaminated blood Page

    Strategies to prevent HIV transmission from contaminated blood

  • Community mobilisation for HIV prevention Page

    Community mobilisation for HIV prevention

  • What is community mobilisation? Page

    What is community mobilisation?

  • Basic steps for community mobilisation Page

    Basic steps for community mobilisation

  • Community mobilisation strategies for HIV Page

    Community mobilisation strategies for HIV

  • Respecting cultural values in community mobilisation Page

    Respecting cultural values in community mobilisation

  • Principles of community mobilisation to address HIV/AIDS Page

    Principles of community mobilisation to address HIV/AIDS

  • Community mobilisation activities for preventing HIV/AIDS Page

    Community mobilisation activities for preventing HIV/AIDS

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 7

  Universal Precautions, Infection Prevention and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Health Workers

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • Universal precautions Page

    Universal precautions

  • Why are universal precautions needed? Page

    Why are universal precautions needed?

  • Specific universal precautions Page

    Specific universal precautions

  • The safe injection of patients Page

    The safe injection of patients

  • Preparing to give an injection Page

    Preparing to give an injection

  • Avoiding needle-stick injuries Page

    Avoiding needle-stick injuries

  • Recapping used needles Page

    Recapping used needles

  • Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) Page

    Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

  • Risks of HIV infection after accidental occupational exposures Page
  • Immediate actions after occupational exposure to HIV Page

    Immediate actions after occupational exposure to HIV

  • Referral after rape for post-exposure HIV prophylaxis Page

    Referral after rape for post-exposure HIV prophylaxis

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 8

  Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • Transmission of HIV from mother to child Page

    Transmission of HIV from mother to child

  • HIV testing and counselling for PMTCT Page

    HIV testing and counselling for PMTCT

  • Approaches to HIV testing in antenatal care settings Page

    Approaches to HIV testing in antenatal care settings

  • Opt-in approach to HIV testing Page

    Opt-in approach to HIV testing

  • Opt-out approach to HIV testing Page

    Opt-out approach to HIV testing

  • Preferred ANC testing approach Page

    Preferred ANC testing approach

  • Steps in the HIV testing process Page

    Steps in the HIV testing process

  • General considerations Page

    General considerations

  • Single-dose Nevirapine, and other ARV options for PMTCT Page

    Single-dose Nevirapine, and other ARV options for PMTCT

  • Breastfeeding options for PMTCT Page

    Breastfeeding options for PMTCT

  • Four interventions for PMTCT in the community Page

    Four interventions for PMTCT in the community

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 9

  HIV in Children

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • Critical issues in HIV infection and progression to AIDS in children Page

    Critical issues in HIV infection and progression to AIDS in children

  • Minimising risk of infection in children Page

    Minimising risk of infection in children

  • Early diagnosis of HIV Page

    Early diagnosis of HIV

  • Differences in the management of children and adults with HIV Page

    Differences in the management of children and adults with HIV

  • Providing care for HIV-exposed infants and HIV-infected children Page

    Providing care for HIV-exposed infants and HIV-infected children

  • Nutritional and psychosocial support for children with HIV Page

    Nutritional and psychosocial support for children with HIV

  • Nutritional needs of HIV-infected children Page

    Nutritional needs of HIV-infected children

  • Providing psychosocial support to children infected with HIV Page

    Providing psychosocial support to children infected with HIV

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 10

  Positive Living and Prevention of HIV Transmission for PLHIV

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • What is positive living? Page

    What is positive living?

  • PLHIV and prevention of HIV transmission Page

    PLHIV and prevention of HIV transmission

  • Re-infection with HIV Page

    Re-infection with HIV

  • Strategies to minimise HIV transmission Page

    Strategies to minimise HIV transmission

  • PLHIV should be informed about their health Page

    PLHIV should be informed about their health

  • PLHIV should take medication as prescribed Page

    PLHIV should take medication as prescribed

  • PLHIV should work as their energy allows, and avoid stress Page

    PLHIV should work as their energy allows, and avoid stress

  • PLHIV should maintain good nutrition Page

    PLHIV should maintain good nutrition

  • PLHIV should avoid getting infections Page

    PLHIV should avoid getting infections

  • PLHIV should get regular exercise and rest Page

    PLHIV should get regular exercise and rest

  • PLHIV should seek regular medical care Page

    PLHIV should seek regular medical care

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 11

  Providing Palliative Care for People Living with HIV

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • Palliative care and its significance in chronic illness Page

    Palliative care and its significance in chronic illness

  • Symptom management, including pain management Page

    Symptom management, including pain management

  • Management of pain in PLHIV Page

    Management of pain in PLHIV

  • How to manage other common symptoms of HIV/AIDS Page

    How to manage other common symptoms of HIV/AIDS

  • Psychosocial and spiritual support Page

    Psychosocial and spiritual support

  • Support for the patient Page

    Support for the patient

  • Support for the caregivers Page

    Support for the caregivers

  • Home-based care Page

    Home-based care

  • Support for oral hygiene Page

    Support for oral hygiene

  • Preventing bedsores in bedridden patients Page

    Preventing bedsores in bedridden patients

  • Moving a bedridden patient Page

    Moving a bedridden patient

  • Hygienic care of the body Page

    Hygienic care of the body

  • Preventing stiff joints and muscles Page

    Preventing stiff joints and muscles

  • End-of-life care Page

    End-of-life care

  • Preparing for death Page

    Preparing for death

  • A checklist for end-of-life care Page

    A checklist for end-of-life care

  • Recognising signs of death Page

    Recognising signs of death

  • Bereavement counselling Page

    Bereavement counselling

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 12

  Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections

  • Introduction Page

    

  • Learning Outcomes Page

    

  • Introduction to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Page

    Introduction to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

  • Transmission of STIs Page

    Transmission of STIs

  • Risk factors for STIs Page

    Risk factors for STIs

  • Epidemiology of STIs Page

    Epidemiology of STIs

  • Presentation of common STIs Page

    Presentation of common STIs

  • STIs caused by bacteria Page

    STIs caused by bacteria

  • STIs caused by viruses Page

    STIs caused by viruses

  • STI caused by a protozoan Page

    STI caused by a protozoan

  • STI caused by a fungus Page

    STI caused by a fungus

  • Syndromic management of STIs Page

    Syndromic management of STIs

  • Classification of patients into syndromes Page

    Classification of patients into syndromes

  • Treatment and management of STI syndromes Page

    Treatment and management of STI syndromes

  • Common complications of STIs Page

    Common complications of STIs

  • STIs and HIV Page

    STIs and HIV

  • The link between STIs and HIV/AIDS Page

    The link between STIs and HIV/AIDS

  • Which STIs facilitate the transmission of HIV? Page

    Which STIs facilitate the transmission of HIV?

  • HIV increases the risk of infection with other STIs Page
  • Key issues regarding STIs and HIV infection Page

    Key issues regarding STIs and HIV infection

  • Summary Page

    

  • Quiz

    

• 

  Topic 13

  Not available