Topic outline
Topic 1
Assessment of HIV Infection in Infants and Children
Assess for HIV infection
Testing infants and children for HIV
Positive HIV test
Commonly occurring infections in HIV-infected children
Pneumonia
Ear discharge
Malnutrition
Oral thrush
Parotoid enlargement
Lymph node enlargement
Classify for HIV infection
Confirmed symptomatic HIV infection
Confirmed HIV infection
Suspected symptomatic HIV infection
Possible HIV infection
HIV infection unlikely
Treating the child with HIV infection
Give cotrimoxazole prophylaxis
Initiation of prophylaxis
Cessation of prophylaxis
Counsel the mother about HIV testing
Counselling the mother of a child with confirmed/suspected symptomatic HIV infection
Topic 2
Infant and Young Child Feeding
Assessing feeding problems
Assessing breastfeeding
Improving positioning and attachment
Classify feeding
Feeding problems or low weight (underweight)
No feeding problems
Topic 3
Infant and Young Child Feeding Recommendations
Recommendations for infants up to six months old
Advantages of breastmilk
Recommendations for infants from six to 12 months
Recommendation for children from 12 months to two years
Recommendations for children aged two years and older
Feeding recommendations when a mother is HIV-positive
Assess the child's feeding
Identify feeding problems
Topic 4
Immunization and Related Interventions
The Expanded Programme of Immunization
Vaccines covered under EPI and their schedule of administration
How to check for immunization status
Contraindications to vaccine administration
Recording the child’s immunization status
Vitamin A
Deworming
Topic 5
Ear Problems and Other Common Childhood Infections
Ear problems
Assessing ear problems
Classify and treat ear problems
Follow-up care for ear problems
Throat problems
Assess for throat problems
Classify for throat problems
Follow-up care for eye infection
Bacterial skin infections
Assess skin infections
Classify and treat skin infections
Topic 6
Counselling Mothers
Using good communication skills
Teaching the mother how to treat a child
Checking the mother’s understanding
Asking checking questions
Demonstrate how to measure a dose
Check the mother’s understanding before she leaves the health facilty
Teach the mother how to treat local infections at home
Treat eye infection with tetracycline eye ointment
Dry a discharge from the ear by wicking
Treat mouth ulcers with gentian violet
Advise the mother to increase fluid during the child’s illness
Advise the mother when to return to see a health worker
Follow-up visits
Immediate return visits
Next ‘well child’ visit
Topic 7
Synthesis of IMNCI for a Sick Child up to Five Years: Assess and Classify
Integrated case management process
Selecting the appropriate case management charts
Assess and Classify chart
Treat the child
Give follow-up care
Counsel the mother
The sick young infant from birth up to 2 months
Steps of immediate newborn care
Assess and classify the sick young infant
Malnutrition and anaemia
How to assess for malnutrition and anaemia
How to classify nutritional status and anaemia
Classify for HIV infection
Immunization status
Other problems
Topic 8
Synthesis of IMNCI for Children up to Five years: Treatment and Follow-up Care
Identifying treatment priorities
How to determine if the sick young infant needs urgent referral
Identify urgent pre-referral treatment
When to return immediately
Counsel the mother
Follow-up visits
The types of treatment